动词(verb):使变长;延长;加长。指在空间或时间上增加长度或持续时间。
/ˈlɛŋ.θən/
The days lengthen as summer approaches.
随着夏天的临近,白天变得越来越长。
She decided to lengthen her stay in Paris by a few more days to fully explore the city's hidden galleries and bookshops.
她决定在巴黎多待几天,以便充分探索这座城市隐藏的画廊和书店。
lengthen 源自中古英语,由名词 length(长度)加上动词后缀 -en 构成。length 本身来自古英语 lengþu,与日耳曼语系中的 lang(长的)同源。后缀 -en 是英语中常见的动词化手段,表示"使……变成某种状态",如 sharpen(使锋利)、darken(使变暗)等。该词最早出现于14世纪左右。
在莎士比亚的《理查二世》(Richard II)中,"lengthen" 被用来描述悲伤使时间延长的感受:"Make me, that nothing have, with nothing grieved, and thou with all pleased, that hast all achieved! Long mayst thou live in Richard's seat to sit, and soon lie Richard in an earthy pit! God save King Henry, unkinged Richard says, and send him many years of sunshine days! — What more remains?" 时间的"拉长"是莎剧中常见的意象。
在查尔斯·狄更斯的《远大前程》(Great Expectations)中,lengthening shadows(不断拉长的影子)常被用作隐喻,暗示时间的流逝和人物命运的变化。